71 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
71 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# 查询解析器
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## 排序规则
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排序操作本质上是`SQL`里面的`Order By`条件。
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| 序列 | 示例 | 备注 |
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|----|--------------------|--------------|
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| 升序 | `["type"]` | |
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| 降序 | `["-create_time"]` | 字段名前加`-`是为降序 |
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## 过滤规则
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过滤器操作本质上是`SQL`里面的`WHERE`条件。
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过滤器的规则，遵循了Python的ORM的规则，比如：
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- [Tortoise ORM Filtering](https://tortoise.github.io/query.html#filtering)。
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- [Django Field lookups](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/models/querysets/#field-lookups)
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如果只是普通的查询，只需要传递`字段名`即可，但是如果需要一些特殊的查询，那么就需要加入`操作符`了。
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特殊查询的语法规则其实很简单，就是使用双下划线`__`分割字段名和操作符：
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```text
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{字段名}__{查找类型} : {值}
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{字段名}.{JSON字段名}__{查找类型} : {值}
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```
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| 查找类型 | 示例 | SQL | 备注 |
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|-------------|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| not | `{"name__not" : "tom"}` | `WHERE NOT ("name" = "tom")` | |
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| in | `{"name__in" : "[\"tom\", \"jimmy\"]"}` | `WHERE name IN ("tom", "jimmy")` | |
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| not_in | `{"name__not_in" : "[\"tom\", \"jimmy\"]"}` | `WHERE name NOT IN ("tom", "jimmy")` | |
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| gte | `{"create_time__gte" : "2023-10-25"}` | `WHERE "create_time" >= "2023-10-25"` | |
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| gt | `{"create_time__gt" : "2023-10-25"}` | `WHERE "create_time" > "2023-10-25"` | |
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| lte | `{"create_time__lte" : "2023-10-25"}` | `WHERE "create_time" <= "2023-10-25"` | |
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| lt | `{"create_time__lt" : "2023-10-25"}` | `WHERE "create_time" < "2023-10-25"` | |
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| range | `{"create_time__range" : "[\"2023-10-25\", \"2024-10-25\"]"}` | `WHERE "create_time" BETWEEN "2023-10-25" AND "2024-10-25"` <br>或<br> `WHERE "create_time" >= "2023-10-25" AND "create_time" <= "2024-10-25"` | 需要注意的是: <br>1. 有些数据库的BETWEEN实现的开闭区间可能不一样。<br>2. 日期`2005-01-01`会被隐式转换为：`2005-01-01 00:00:00`，两个日期一致就会导致查询不到数据。 |
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| isnull | `{"name__isnull" : "True"}` | `WHERE name IS NULL` | |
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| not_isnull | `{"name__not_isnull" : "False"}` | `WHERE name IS NOT NULL` | |
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| contains | `{"name__contains" : "L"}` | `WHERE name LIKE '%L%';` | |
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| icontains | `{"name__icontains" : "L"}` | `WHERE name ILIKE '%L%';` | |
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| startswith | `{"name__startswith" : "La"}` | `WHERE name LIKE 'La%';` | |
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| istartswith | `{"name__istartswith" : "La"}` | `WHERE name ILIKE 'La%';` | |
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| endswith | `{"name__endswith" : "a"}` | `WHERE name LIKE '%a';` | |
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| iendswith | `{"name__iendswith" : "a"}` | `WHERE name ILIKE '%a';` | |
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| exact | `{"name__exact" : "a"}` | `WHERE name LIKE 'a';` | |
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| iexact | `{"name__iexact" : "a"}` | `WHERE name ILIKE 'a';` | |
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| regex | `{"title__regex" : "^(An?\|The) +"}` | MySQL: `WHERE title REGEXP BINARY '^(An?\|The) +'` <br> Oracle: `WHERE REGEXP_LIKE(title, '^(An?\|The) +', 'c');` <br> PostgreSQL: `WHERE title ~ '^(An?\|The) +';` <br> SQLite: `WHERE title REGEXP '^(An?\|The) +';` | |
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| iregex | `{"title__iregex" : "^(an?\|the) +"}` | MySQL: `WHERE title REGEXP '^(an?\|the) +'` <br> Oracle: `WHERE REGEXP_LIKE(title, '^(an?\|the) +', 'i');` <br> PostgreSQL: `WHERE title ~* '^(an?\|the) +';` <br> SQLite: `WHERE title REGEXP '(?i)^(an?\|the) +';` | |
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| search | | | |
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以及将日期提取出来的查找类型：
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| 查找类型 | 示例 | SQL | 备注 |
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|--------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------|
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| date | `{"pub_date__date" : "2023-01-01"}` | `WHERE DATE(pub_date) = '2023-01-01'` | |
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| year | `{"pub_date__year" : "2023"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('YEAR' FROM pub_date) = '2023'` | 哪一年 |
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| iso_year | `{"pub_date__iso_year" : "2023"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('ISOYEAR' FROM pub_date) = '2023'` | ISO 8601 一年中的周数 |
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| month | `{"pub_date__month" : "12"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('MONTH' FROM pub_date) = '12'` | 月份，1-12 |
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| day | `{"pub_date__day" : "3"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('DAY' FROM pub_date) = '3'` | 该月的某天(1-31) |
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| week | `{"pub_date__week" : "7"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('WEEK' FROM pub_date) = '7'` | ISO 8601 周编号 一年中的周数 |
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| week_day | `{"pub_date__week_day" : "tom"}` | `` | 星期几 |
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| iso_week_day | `{"pub_date__iso_week_day" : "tom"}` | `` | |
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| quarter | `{"pub_date__quarter" : "1"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('QUARTER' FROM pub_date) = '1'` | 一年中的季度 |
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| time | `{"pub_date__time" : "12:59:59"}` | `` | |
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| hour | `{"pub_date__hour" : "12"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('HOUR' FROM pub_date) = '12'` | 小时(0-23) |
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| minute | `{"pub_date__minute" : "59"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('MINUTE' FROM pub_date) = '59'` | 分钟 (0-59) |
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| second | `{"pub_date__second" : "59"}` | `WHERE EXTRACT('SECOND' FROM pub_date) = '59'` | 秒 (0-59) |
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